High School 1
W20 · Day 2 · 수요일 (PROCESS DAY)

A Farewell to Arms

전쟁의 혼란

● Day 1 (월)● Day 2 (수) 오늘● Day 3 (금)
1

핵심 표현 KEY EXPRESSION

Day 1 · 기초
The Italian army was retreating in chaos.
Day 2 · 확장
Henry witnessed the complete collapse of military order.
Day 3 · 목표 ⭐ 오늘14 words
Henry witnessed the complete collapse of the Italian army's retreat, a chaotic and humiliating disaster in which officers were shot by their own side for failing to maintain order.
헨리는 이탈리아 군대의 퇴각이 완전히 붕괴되는 것을 목격했는데, 이는 질서를 유지하지 못한 장교들이 아군에 의해 총살당하는 혼란스럽고 굴욕적인 재난이었다.
2

오늘의 본문 READING

The collapse of established institutions often reveals the fundamental nature of human behavior, which can shift dramatically under extreme pressure. Given that social order provides a crucial framework for morality, its sudden removal creates a dangerous vacuum. Consequently, individuals who previously demonstrated cooperation might resort to self-preservation, interpreting the new context as a survival scenario. This perspective suggests that our ethical foundations are more fragile than we assume, being dependent on external systems. If those systems were to disappear overnight, many people would struggle to maintain their principles. Having discovered this vulnerability, we must work to strengthen communal bonds that transcend institutional support. Recognizing the potential for rapid moral decay is the first step toward building more resilient societies, which can withstand unexpected crises. Ultimately, human dignity depends not just on laws but on our shared commitment to decency, even in chaos.

fundamental 🔊
adjective
근본적인
The fundamental principles of justice must be upheld even when institutions fail, because they provide the bedrock for human dignity.
perspective 🔊
noun
관점, 시각
His perspective on the crisis changed completely after he witnessed the rapid breakdown of social order from within.
consequently 🔊
adverb
그 결과적으로
The command structure dissolved overnight, and consequently, units operated in isolation without coordinated strategy.
establish 🔊
verb
수립하다, 확립하다
It is difficult to establish trust among civilians once the governing authority has proven itself to be unreliable and corrupt.
demonstrate 🔊
verb
입증하다, 보여주다
Historical crises often demonstrate how quickly civilized norms can vanish when survival becomes the primary objective.
context 🔊
noun
맥락, 상황
To fully interpret the soldiers' actions, one must understand the chaotic context in which they were making life-or-death decisions.
Q1. 들리는 단어는?
Fact
글의 주요 주제는 무엇인가요?
Literal
According to the B2/C1 text, what is the primary relationship between social order and individual morality?
Infer
Based on the C1 text's argument, what can be inferred about the author's view on preventing moral decay during a crisis?
이번 주 문법 포인트
📐 Grammar 바로가기 →
The rapid institutional ___ created a vacuum where fear replaced reason, and old loyalties were quickly forgotten.
체계나 조직이 갑자기 무너지는 것을 의미하는 명사
From a sociological ___, the event was not merely a military defeat but a failure of the entire social contract.
사물을 바라보는 특정한 방식이나 관점

오늘의 표현 EXPRESSIONS

take someone seriously 🔊
~를 진지하게 받아들이다 · His colleagues did not take him seriously.
be made of + 재료 🔊
~로 만들어지다 · The machine was made of copper and steel.
be ready to + 동사 🔊
~할 준비가 되다 · He was ready to test his invention.
6

에세이 기초 배우기 ESSAY BASICS

✍️
에세이 잘 쓰는 5가지 요령
Good Essay Writing Tips
1
명확한 주제문 (Topic Sentence)
첫 문장에 내 주장을 한 번에! 모호하면 읽는 사람이 혼란스러워요.
❌ "Beauty is important." ✅ "Beauty without morality leads to corruption."
2
구체적 근거 + 예시
"Because" 다음엔 반드시 구체적인 예시가 따라와야 해요.
❌ "Because it is bad." ✅ "For example, the story shows how..."
3
반대 의견 인정하기
반대 의견을 먼저 인정하면 내 주장이 더 설득력 있어 보여요.
✅ "Although some argue that..., I believe..."
4
연결어 (Transition Words)
단락과 단락을 자연스럽게 이어주는 다리 역할을 해요.
First · Furthermore · However · Therefore · In conclusion
5
강한 마무리 (Concluding Sentence)
마지막 문장이 가장 오래 기억돼요. 핵심 메시지를 새로운 표현으로!
✅ "Therefore, it is clear that..." / "This is why..."
서론
In my opinion...
I strongly believe...
It is clear that...
본론
For instance...
This shows that...
Furthermore...
결론
In conclusion...
Therefore...
This is why...
ESSAY란?
에세이는 내 생각을 논리적으로 쓰는 글이에요. 처음에는 3문장부터 시작해요!
📌 3단락 구조
① 주제문 (Topic Sentence) — 나의 의견을 한 문장으로
예: "I think a good detective needs patience."

② 근거 · 예시 (Supporting) — 왜 그렇게 생각하는지
예: "For example, Holmes always observes carefully."

③ 마무리 (Concluding) — 결론 한 문장
예: "That is why patience is important."
📖 이번 주 샘플 에세이 (읽기용)
Topic: If I could travel in time, I would go to ___ because ___
I think I would go to the future to see amazing new inventions.
For example, I want to see flying cars and robots that help people with their work.
That is why the future seems more exciting to me than the past.
💡 다음 달부터 직접 써볼 거예요! 준비됐죠? 😊

짧은 글쓰기 WRITE

TIP 1
명확한 주제문 (Topic Sentence)
"Beauty is important."
"Beauty without morality leads to corruption."
TIP 2
구체적 근거 + 예시
"Because it is bad."
"For example, the story shows how..."
TIP 3
반대 의견 인정하기
"Although some argue that..., I believe..."
TIP 4
연결어 (Transition Words)
First · Furthermore · However · Therefore · In conclusion
TIP 5
강한 마무리 (Conclusion)
"So, that is my opinion."
"This story teaches us that true courage begins within."
이번 주 주제

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