High School 1
W20 · Day 1 · 월요일 (INPUT DAY)

A Farewell to Arms

전쟁의 혼란

● Day 1 (월) 오늘● Day 2 (수)● Day 3 (금)
1

핵심 표현 KEY EXPRESSION

Day 1 · 기초
The Italian army was retreating in chaos.
Day 2 · 확장
Henry witnessed the complete collapse of military order.
Day 3 · 목표 ⭐ 오늘14 words
Henry witnessed the complete collapse of the Italian army's retreat, a chaotic and humiliating disaster in which officers were shot by their own side for failing to maintain order.
헨리는 이탈리아군의 철수가 완전히 붕괴되는 것을 목격했는데, 이는 질서를 유지하지 못한 장교들이 아군에게 총살당하는 혼란스럽고 굴욕적인 재앙이었다.
2

오늘의 본문 READING

The collapse of established systems often reveals a fundamental truth about human nature. When institutional order disintegrates, individuals face a critical test of their moral perspective. Recognizing that the rules which once protected them have vanished, people must interpret their own ethical boundaries. Consequently, some demonstrate remarkable altruism, while others pursue pure self-interest. The speed of this moral unraveling can be astonishing, which challenges our optimistic assumptions about societal stability. If external constraints were suddenly removed, many would struggle to maintain their principles. This phenomenon is not limited to wartime but extends to economic or political crises. Having witnessed such breakdowns, historians note that civility is a fragile construct. It depends on continuous reinforcement through shared norms and consequences. When those systems fail, the social contract can dissolve within days. Therefore, the maintenance of order requires constant vigilance and collective commitment. We must establish resilient communities that can withstand severe pressure. Otherwise, the chaos we fear might become our immediate reality. This lesson is crucial for understanding both historical events and contemporary challenges. It reminds us that civilization is not a permanent state but a daily choice. We build it through our actions and defend it through our values.

perspective 🔊
noun
관점, 시각
From a historical perspective, the sudden collapse of complex institutions often follows a predictable pattern of eroded trust and failed leadership.
fundamental 🔊
adjective
근본적인, 기본적인
A fundamental shift in moral behavior can occur when the social contract is broken and survival becomes the primary instinct.
consequently 🔊
adverb
그 결과, 따라서
The command structure dissolved entirely; consequently, soldiers were left without orders or a coherent chain of responsibility.
establish 🔊
verb
수립하다, 확립하다
It is difficult to establish any semblance of order once panic has taken root and communal trust has been destroyed.
demonstrate 🔊
verb
입증하다, 보여주다
Crises often demonstrate the true strength or weakness of societal bonds that are taken for granted during stable times.
context 🔊
noun
맥락, 상황
To fully interpret the soldiers' actions, one must understand the extreme context of fear and imminent danger they were facing.
Q1. 들리는 단어는?
Fact
글의 주요 주제는 무엇인가요?
Literal
According to the text, what is the primary consequence of institutional collapse?
Infer
What can be inferred about the author's view on societal virtues from the phrase 'performative rather than intrinsic'?
이번 주 문법 포인트
📐 Grammar 바로가기 →
The sudden ___ of the governing authority created a power vacuum that was quickly filled by chaos and violence.
체계나 조직이 완전히 무너지는 것을 의미하는 명사

오늘의 표현 EXPRESSIONS

take someone seriously 🔊
~를 진지하게 받아들이다 · His colleagues did not take him seriously.
be made of + 재료 🔊
~로 만들어지다 · The machine was made of copper and steel.
be ready to + 동사 🔊
~할 준비가 되다 · He was ready to test his invention.
6

에세이 기초 배우기 ESSAY BASICS

✍️
에세이 잘 쓰는 5가지 요령
Good Essay Writing Tips
1
명확한 주제문 (Topic Sentence)
첫 문장에 내 주장을 한 번에! 모호하면 읽는 사람이 혼란스러워요.
❌ "Beauty is important." ✅ "Beauty without morality leads to corruption."
2
구체적 근거 + 예시
"Because" 다음엔 반드시 구체적인 예시가 따라와야 해요.
❌ "Because it is bad." ✅ "For example, the story shows how..."
3
반대 의견 인정하기
반대 의견을 먼저 인정하면 내 주장이 더 설득력 있어 보여요.
✅ "Although some argue that..., I believe..."
4
연결어 (Transition Words)
단락과 단락을 자연스럽게 이어주는 다리 역할을 해요.
First · Furthermore · However · Therefore · In conclusion
5
강한 마무리 (Concluding Sentence)
마지막 문장이 가장 오래 기억돼요. 핵심 메시지를 새로운 표현으로!
✅ "Therefore, it is clear that..." / "This is why..."
서론
In my opinion...
I strongly believe...
It is clear that...
본론
For instance...
This shows that...
Furthermore...
결론
In conclusion...
Therefore...
This is why...
ESSAY란?
에세이는 내 생각을 논리적으로 쓰는 글이에요. 처음에는 3문장부터 시작해요!
📌 3단락 구조
① 주제문 (Topic Sentence) — 나의 의견을 한 문장으로
예: "I think a good detective needs patience."

② 근거 · 예시 (Supporting) — 왜 그렇게 생각하는지
예: "For example, Holmes always observes carefully."

③ 마무리 (Concluding) — 결론 한 문장
예: "That is why patience is important."
📖 이번 주 샘플 에세이 (읽기용)
Topic: If I could travel in time, I would go to ___ because ___
I think I would go to the future to see amazing new inventions.
For example, I want to see flying cars and robots that help people with their work.
That is why the future seems more exciting to me than the past.
💡 다음 달부터 직접 써볼 거예요! 준비됐죠? 😊

짧은 글쓰기 WRITE

TIP 1
명확한 주제문 (Topic Sentence)
"Beauty is important."
"Beauty without morality leads to corruption."
TIP 2
구체적 근거 + 예시
"Because it is bad."
"For example, the story shows how..."
TIP 3
반대 의견 인정하기
"Although some argue that..., I believe..."
TIP 4
연결어 (Transition Words)
First · Furthermore · However · Therefore · In conclusion
TIP 5
강한 마무리 (Conclusion)
"So, that is my opinion."
"This story teaches us that true courage begins within."
이번 주 주제

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