High School 1
W21 · Day 1 · 월요일 (INPUT DAY)

A Farewell to Arms

탈영

● Day 1 (월) 오늘● Day 2 (수)● Day 3 (금)
1

핵심 표현 KEY EXPRESSION

Day 1 · 기초
Henry deserted the army and fled.
Day 2 · 확장
Henry escaped by jumping into a river and fleeing.
Day 3 · 목표 ⭐ 오늘14 words
Henry deserted the army by jumping into a freezing river, choosing his own life and love over a war he had come to see as a meaningless slaughter with no cause worth dying for.
헨리는 군대를 탈영하여 얼어붙은 강으로 뛰어들었으며, 자신의 생명과 사랑을, 죽음을 정당화할 명분도 없는 무의미한 학살로 여겨지게 된 전쟁보다 선택했습니다.
2

오늘의 본문 READING

The decision to abandon one's post in wartime is a fundamental moral dilemma, which forces individuals to weigh duty against personal conviction. Having discovered the brutal realities of a conflict with no clear purpose, a soldier named James began to question his role. If he were to continue following orders, he would be complicit in actions he perceived as unjust slaughter. Consequently, he faced an impossible choice between loyalty and conscience. Recognizing that his participation served no noble cause, James ultimately chose to desert. This act of defiance was not impulsive but stemmed from a prolonged ethical struggle. He came to see the war as a futile exercise in violence, choosing his own humanity over blind obedience. The river he crossed represented both a physical escape and a symbolic cleansing from the horrors he witnessed. His desertion established a new perspective on where true courage lies. It demonstrated that sometimes, preserving one's moral integrity requires breaking the rules society has set. In this context, his flight was an act of personal salvation. James interpreted his duty not to a flag but to a higher principle of non-violence. Given that the conflict lacked any justifiable foundation, his departure was a logical conclusion. He had to establish a life based on his own values, not those imposed by a distant command. The journey ahead was uncertain, but it was a path he could walk with a clear conscience.

fundamental 🔊
adjective
근본적인, 기본적인
The fundamental dilemma he faced was whether to obey an unjust order or to follow his own moral principles, which were in clear conflict.
consequently 🔊
adverb
그 결과, 따라서
He no longer believed in the war's cause; consequently, he felt his continued participation would make him morally complicit in its violence.
establish 🔊
verb
수립하다, 확립하다
By deserting, he sought to establish a new life based on peace and personal integrity, far from the chaos of the battlefield.
demonstrate 🔊
verb
입증하다, 보여주다
His actions demonstrate that individual conscience can sometimes be a more powerful guide than collective military discipline.
context 🔊
noun
맥락, 상황
To understand his decision, one must consider the full context of the war's brutality and the absence of a clear, just objective.
interpret 🔊
verb
해석하다
History may interpret his desertion as an act of cowardice or one of courage, depending on the viewer's perspective on the war itself.
Q1. 들리는 단어는?
Fact
병사가 탈영을 결심한 주된 이유는 무엇입니까?
Literal
What is the fundamental conflict described in the text?
Infer
Based on the text's argument, how might the author define 'courage' in the context of desertion?
이번 주 문법 포인트
📐 Grammar 바로가기 →
When a soldier's personal ethics clash with military orders, he must ___ which principle holds greater weight in his personal moral framework.
판단하다, 평가하다의 의미. 문맥상 '무게를 재다' 또는 '의미를 부여하다'와 유사.

오늘의 표현 EXPRESSIONS

take someone seriously 🔊
~를 진지하게 받아들이다 · His colleagues did not take him seriously.
be made of + 재료 🔊
~로 만들어지다 · The machine was made of copper and steel.
be ready to + 동사 🔊
~할 준비가 되다 · He was ready to test his invention.
6

에세이 기초 배우기 ESSAY BASICS

✍️
에세이 잘 쓰는 5가지 요령
Good Essay Writing Tips
1
명확한 주제문 (Topic Sentence)
첫 문장에 내 주장을 한 번에! 모호하면 읽는 사람이 혼란스러워요.
❌ "Beauty is important." ✅ "Beauty without morality leads to corruption."
2
구체적 근거 + 예시
"Because" 다음엔 반드시 구체적인 예시가 따라와야 해요.
❌ "Because it is bad." ✅ "For example, the story shows how..."
3
반대 의견 인정하기
반대 의견을 먼저 인정하면 내 주장이 더 설득력 있어 보여요.
✅ "Although some argue that..., I believe..."
4
연결어 (Transition Words)
단락과 단락을 자연스럽게 이어주는 다리 역할을 해요.
First · Furthermore · However · Therefore · In conclusion
5
강한 마무리 (Concluding Sentence)
마지막 문장이 가장 오래 기억돼요. 핵심 메시지를 새로운 표현으로!
✅ "Therefore, it is clear that..." / "This is why..."
서론
In my opinion...
I strongly believe...
It is clear that...
본론
For instance...
This shows that...
Furthermore...
결론
In conclusion...
Therefore...
This is why...
ESSAY란?
에세이는 내 생각을 논리적으로 쓰는 글이에요. 처음에는 3문장부터 시작해요!
📌 3단락 구조
① 주제문 (Topic Sentence) — 나의 의견을 한 문장으로
예: "I think a good detective needs patience."

② 근거 · 예시 (Supporting) — 왜 그렇게 생각하는지
예: "For example, Holmes always observes carefully."

③ 마무리 (Concluding) — 결론 한 문장
예: "That is why patience is important."
📖 이번 주 샘플 에세이 (읽기용)
Topic: If I could travel in time, I would go to ___ because ___
I think I would go to the future to see amazing new inventions.
For example, I want to see flying cars and robots that help people with their work.
That is why the future seems more exciting to me than the past.
💡 다음 달부터 직접 써볼 거예요! 준비됐죠? 😊

짧은 글쓰기 WRITE

TIP 1
명확한 주제문 (Topic Sentence)
"Beauty is important."
"Beauty without morality leads to corruption."
TIP 2
구체적 근거 + 예시
"Because it is bad."
"For example, the story shows how..."
TIP 3
반대 의견 인정하기
"Although some argue that..., I believe..."
TIP 4
연결어 (Transition Words)
First · Furthermore · However · Therefore · In conclusion
TIP 5
강한 마무리 (Conclusion)
"So, that is my opinion."
"This story teaches us that true courage begins within."
이번 주 주제

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