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기본 개념BASIC CONCEPT
⭐ TODAY'S KEY GRAMMAR
Gerunds vs Infinitives
동명사(-ing) vs to부정사(to + 동사원형) — 동사 뒤에 뭘 쓸까?

Gerund (동명사): 동사 + ing → 명사 역할 (Swimming is fun.)

Infinitive (to부정사): to + 동사원형 → 명사 역할 (To swim is fun.)

일부 동사는 동명사만, 일부는 to부정사만, 일부는 둘 다 가능!

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문법 규칙GRAMMAR RULES
동명사만 · GERUND ONLY
enjoy, finish, avoid
I enjoy swimming.
TO부정사만 · INFINITIVE ONLY
want, need, decide
I want to learn.
둘 다 가능 · BOTH OK
like, love, hate
I like cooking. / I like to cook.
전치사 뒤 · AFTER PREPOSITION
항상 동명사!
good at swimming
  • 동명사만: enjoy, finish, avoid, mind, suggest, keep, practice
  • to부정사만: want, need, decide, plan, hope, agree, learn, promise
  • 둘 다 가능 (같은 뜻): like, love, hate, start, begin, continue
  • 둘 다 가능 (다른 뜻): stop, remember, forget, try
  • 전치사 뒤: 항상 동명사! — good at swimming, tired of waiting
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긍정문 예시POSITIVE EXAMPLES
  • I enjoy swimming.수영하는 것을 즐긴다. (동명사)
  • She finished reading.독서를 끝냈다. (동명사)
  • I want to learn English.영어를 배우고 싶다. (to부정사)
  • He decided to go home.집에 가기로 결정했다. (to부정사)
  • I like cooking. / I like to cook.요리하는 것을 좋아한다. (둘 다 OK)
  • Keep practicing!계속 연습해! (동명사)
  • I'm good at cooking.요리를 잘한다. (전치사 + 동명사)
  • She needs to study harder.더 열심히 공부해야 한다. (to부정사)
  • Stop talking in class.수업 중 말하지 마. (동명사)
  • I decided to quit my job.퇴직하기로 결정했다. (to부정사)
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의문문 예시QUESTION EXAMPLES
  • Do you enjoy reading?독서를 즐기나요?
  • Would you like to come?오고 싶으세요?
  • Do you mind waiting?기다려도 괜찮으세요?
  • Do you plan to travel?여행할 계획이에요?
  • Have you finished eating?다 먹었나요?
  • Do you want to join us?우리랑 같이 할래요?
  • Are you good at cooking?요리를 잘하나요?
  • Did you decide to go?가기로 결정했나요?
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상황별 대화 흐름SITUATIONAL DIALOGUES
📚 취미 · HOBBY
A: Do you enjoy reading?
B: Yes, I love reading novels.
A: I prefer to watch movies.
💼 직장 · WORK
A: I need to finish this report.
B: Avoid making mistakes.
A: I'll keep working on it.
🏃 운동 · EXERCISE
A: I want to start exercising.
B: Try jogging every morning.
A: I enjoy swimming more.
🎓 학교 · SCHOOL
A: I plan to study abroad.
B: You should practice speaking English.
A: I hope to improve quickly.
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문장 결합 연습SENTENCE COMBINING
I like swim.
→ I like swimming. / I like to swim.
She enjoy read.
→ She enjoys reading.
He want go home.
→ He wants to go home.
We finish eat.
→ We finished eating.
They decide leave.
→ They decided to leave.
I avoid drink coffee.
→ I avoid drinking coffee.
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실생활 사용 예시REAL-LIFE USAGE
  • I'm good at cooking.🍳 일상 — 요리를 잘한다.
  • She needs to study harder.📖 학교 — 더 열심히 공부해야 한다.
  • Stop talking in class.🏫 학교 — 수업 중 말하지 마.
  • I decided to quit my job.💼 직장 — 퇴직하기로 결정했다.
  • He enjoys playing soccer.⚽ 취미 — 축구하는 것을 즐긴다.
  • We plan to visit Korea.✈️ 여행 — 한국 방문을 계획하고 있다.
  • I'm tired of waiting.😤 일상 — 기다리는 것에 지쳤다.
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자주 쓰이는 패턴COMMON PATTERNS
ENJOY + -ING
enjoy + 동명사 — I enjoy swimming.
WANT + TO V
want + to부정사 — I want to learn.
LIKE + 둘 다
like + -ing / to V — I like cooking. = I like to cook.
전치사 + -ING
good at / tired of + -ing — good at speaking
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흔한 실수COMMON MISTAKES
✗ I enjoy to swim.
✓ I enjoy swimming.
enjoy 뒤에는 동명사만!
✗ She wants going home.
✓ She wants to go home.
want 뒤에는 to부정사만!
✗ He is good at to cook.
✓ He is good at cooking.
전치사 뒤에는 동명사!
✗ I finished to read.
✓ I finished reading.
finish 뒤에는 동명사만!
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레벨업 팁LEVEL-UP TIPS
TIP 1 · 외우기
enjoy/finish/avoid/mind → 동명사, want/need/decide/plan → to부정사
TIP 2 · 전치사 뒤
전치사 뒤에는 항상 동명사! (good at, tired of, interested in)
TIP 3 · like/love/hate
이 3개는 둘 다 OK — 편한 걸 쓰세요
TIP 4 · stop의 뜻 차이
stop -ing (하던 것을 멈추다) vs stop to V (하기 위해 멈추다) — 의미가 달라요!
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연습문제PRACTICE EXERCISES

동명사(-ing) 또는 to부정사(to V)를 넣으세요.

  • I enjoy _____ (swim). (swimming)
  • She wants _____ (learn) English. (to learn)
  • He finished _____ (eat). (eating)
  • We decided _____ (go) to the park. (to go)
  • I'm good at _____ (cook). (cooking)
  • They hope _____ (visit) Korea. (to visit)
  • She avoids _____ (eat) fast food. (eating)
  • Do you mind _____ (wait)? (waiting)
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자가진단 체크리스트SELF-CHECK
  • 동명사와 to부정사의 차이를 설명할 수 있다.
  • 동명사만 쓰는 동사 3개를 안다.
  • to부정사만 쓰는 동사 3개를 안다.
  • 전치사 뒤에는 동명사를 쓴다는 것을 안다.
  • like/love/hate는 둘 다 가능하다는 것을 안다.
  • 실생활에서 올바르게 구분해서 쓸 수 있다.