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기본 개념BASIC CONCEPT
⭐ TODAY'S KEY GRAMMAR
Future in the Past
과거 시점에서 미래에 일어날 예정이었던 일 — was/were going to

기본 구조: was/were going to + 동사원형

계획, 의도, 기대를 표현하며, 실제로 일어났는지 여부는 문맥에 따라 달라짐

주어에 따라 was(I/he/she/it) / were(you/we/they) 선택

  • I was going to call you.너에게 전화하려고 했다.
  • We were going to leave early.일찍 떠나려고 했다.
  • She was going to help, but she got sick.도와주려 했는데 아팠다.
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문법 규칙GRAMMAR RULES
긍정문 · POSITIVE
was/were going to + 동사원형
I was going to call you.
부정문 · NEGATIVE
was/were not going to + 동사원형
I wasn't going to go.
의문문 · QUESTION
Was/Were + 주어 + going to + 동사원형?
Was she going to help?
대조 · CONTRAST
was going to + but + 과거시제
I was going to study, but I fell asleep.
  • was: I / he / she / it와 함께 사용
  • were: you / we / they와 함께 사용
  • 동사원형 필수: was going to + 동사원형 (called X → call O)
  • but과 함께: 계획이 취소되었을 때 but + 과거 시제로 이유 설명
  • 문맥으로 판단: 실제 행동이 일어났는지는 문맥에 따라 달라짐
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긍정문 예시POSITIVE EXAMPLES
  • I was going to call you.너에게 전화하려고 했다.
  • She was going to visit her grandma.할머니를 방문하려고 했다.
  • We were going to leave early.일찍 떠나려고 했다.
  • They were going to travel abroad.해외 여행을 가려고 했다.
  • He was going to help with the project.프로젝트를 도우려고 했다.
  • I was going to study last night.어젯밤 공부하려고 했다.
  • She was going to cook dinner.저녁을 요리하려고 했다.
  • We were going to clean the room.방을 청소하려고 했다.
  • He was going to send the email.이메일을 보내려고 했다.
  • They were going to meet at 3 PM.오후 3시에 만나려고 했다.
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의문문 예시QUESTION EXAMPLES
  • What were you going to do?뭘 하려고 했니?
  • Was she going to help us?그녀가 우리를 도우려고 했니?
  • Were they going to leave early?일찍 떠나려고 했니?
  • Was he going to join the meeting?회의에 참석하려고 했니?
  • Were you going to study last night?어젯밤 공부하려고 했니?
  • Where were you going to go?어디에 가려고 했니?
  • When was she going to arrive?언제 도착하려고 했니?
  • Why was he going to quit his job?왜 직장을 그만두려고 했니?
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상황별 대화 흐름SITUATIONAL DIALOGUES
🏫 학교 상황 · SCHOOL
A: Did you study last night?
B: I was going to study, but I fell asleep.
A: That happens to me too.
✈️ 여행 상황 · TRAVEL
A: Why didn't you visit the museum?
B: We were going to go, but it was closed.
A: That's unfortunate.
💼 직장 상황 · OFFICE
A: Did the team present today?
B: They were going to present, but the slides weren't ready.
A: Let's reschedule.
💻 온라인 상황 · ONLINE
A: Did you send the file?
B: I was going to send it, but I got interrupted.
A: No worries, send it when you can.
🏠 가족 상황 · FAMILY
A: Did you cook dinner?
B: I was going to cook, but Mom ordered food.
A: That works too.
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문장 결합 연습SENTENCE COMBINING
I planned to call you.
→ I was going to call you.
She intended to visit.
→ She was going to visit.
We expected to leave early.
→ We were going to leave early.
He wanted to help.
→ He was going to help.
They had a plan to travel.
→ They were going to travel.
She planned to cook dinner.
→ She was going to cook dinner.
We meant to clean the room.
→ We were going to clean the room.
They promised to call.
→ They were going to call.
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실생활 사용 예시REAL-LIFE USAGE
  • I was going to send the file yesterday, but I got interrupted.📧 이메일 — 어제 파일을 보내려 했는데 방해를 받았다.
  • I was going to study abroad, but the timing wasn't right.👤 자기소개 — 유학을 가려고 했는데 시기가 맞지 않았다.
  • We were going to launch the campaign on Monday, but the client delayed it.💼 업무 — 월요일에 캠페인을 시작하려 했는데 고객이 연기했다.
  • We were going to visit the museum, but it was closed.✈️ 여행 — 박물관을 방문하려 했는데 문이 닫혀 있었다.
  • He was going to start the treatment, but he postponed it.🏥 건강 — 치료를 시작하려 했는데 미뤘다.
  • She was going to become a doctor, but she chose teaching instead.👤 자기소개 — 의사가 되려 했는데 대신 교사를 선택했다.
  • I was going to buy a car, but I changed my mind.🏠 일상 — 차를 사려 했는데 마음이 바뀌었다.
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자주 쓰이는 패턴COMMON PATTERNS
기본 구조 · BASIC
was/were going to + 동사원형
I was going to call you. / We were going to leave early.
대조 표현 · CONTRAST
was/were going to + but + 실제 결과
I was going to study, but I fell asleep.
의도 표현 · INTENTION
planned to / intended to → was going to
planned to → was going to / expected to → were going to
감정 표현 · EMOTION
계획 + 감정적 맥락 (후회, 아쉬움)
I was going to tell you the truth. / We were going to surprise her.
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흔한 실수COMMON MISTAKES
✗ I was go to call you.
✓ I was going to call you.
was going to가 올바른 구조입니다.
✗ She were going to help.
✓ She was going to help.
She는 3인칭 단수이므로 was 사용.
✗ We was going to leave.
✓ We were going to leave.
We는 복수이므로 were 사용.
✗ I was going to called.
✓ I was going to call.
going to 뒤에는 반드시 동사원형 사용.
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레벨업 팁LEVEL-UP TIPS
TIP 1 · but과 함께 사용
계획이 취소되었을 때 "was going to + but + 이유"로 설명하세요. 매우 자연스러운 표현입니다.
TIP 2 · 동사원형 필수
going to 뒤에는 항상 동사원형! was going to called (X) → was going to call (O)
TIP 3 · 비즈니스 영어에 필수
변경된 계획을 정중하게 설명할 때 필수적인 표현입니다.
TIP 4 · 스토리텔링에 활용
과거의 계획과 실제 결과를 대비하여 이야기에 흥미를 더할 수 있습니다.
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연습문제PRACTICE EXERCISES

빈칸에 was 또는 were를 선택하고, 문장을 완성하세요.

  • I ___ going to call you. (was)
  • She ___ going to help us. (was)
  • We ___ going to leave early. (were)
  • He ___ going to join the meeting. (was)
  • They ___ going to travel abroad. (were)
  • I planned to visit. → I ___ going to visit. (was)
  • She intended to cook. → She ___ going to cook. (was)
  • We expected to arrive early. → We ___ going to arrive early. (were)
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자가진단 체크리스트SELF-CHECK
  • Future in the Past의 기본 구조(was/were going to)를 안다.
  • 주어에 따라 was/were를 올바르게 선택할 수 있다.
  • going to 뒤에 동사원형을 사용할 수 있다.
  • but을 사용해 취소된 계획을 설명할 수 있다.
  • 의문문(Was/Were + 주어 + going to?)을 만들 수 있다.
  • 실생활에서 변경된 계획을 자연스럽게 표현할 수 있다.
  • 흔한 실수(was/were 혼동, 동사원형 미사용)를 피할 수 있다.